The mouth is not an isolated system. Bacteria from inflamed gums enter the bloodstream and can affect other organs. Chronic periodontitis is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes complications, and preterm birth.
Periodontitis and heart health
Bacteria from periodontal pockets enter the blood through inflamed gums. They have been found in atherosclerotic plaques. Patients with severe periodontitis have a 20-30% higher risk of cardiovascular events.
Diabetes and gum health
The link is bidirectional. Diabetes increases periodontitis risk, and periodontitis worsens diabetes control.
Other proven connections
Pregnancy: severe periodontitis is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.
Rheumatoid arthritis: P. gingivalis may trigger autoimmune reactions.
Pneumonia: oral bacteria can reach the lungs, especially in elderly and bedridden patients.
What this means for you
- Do not ignore bleeding gums, it is a sign of inflammation.
- Have regular professional cleanings.
- Tell your dentist about chronic conditions and medications.
- If you have diabetes, get screened for periodontitis.