Dental Fillings: materials compared and what to choose

German dentistry offers several materials for dental fillings (Zahnfüllungen). The choice depends on tooth location, cavity size, aesthetic preferences, and budget.

Key point for GKV (statutory insurance) patients: basic filling treatment is covered, but the material and technique may differ from what you have in mind.

Filling materials compared

Amalgam

Silver-coloured alloy of mercury, silver, tin, and copper. Lifespan: 10-15 years. The most durable option for back teeth. Banned in the EU since 2025 (Regulation 2017/852) as a standard material, except in cases of absolute medical necessity.

Composite (Komposit)

Tooth-coloured, light-cured resin. Lifespan: 5-10 years. Aesthetic but less durable on back teeth with large cavities. Since the 2025 amalgam ban, GKV covers composite as the standard material on all teeth.

Ceramic inlay (Keramik-Inlay)

Custom-made in a dental lab. Lifespan: 15-20 years. Best aesthetics, excellent biocompatibility. Not covered by GKV, fully private cost.

Gold inlay (Gold-Inlay)

A classic in German dentistry. Lifespan: 20-30 years. Maximum durability, but not tooth-coloured. Not covered by GKV.

When a filling is not enough

If more than 50% of the tooth crown is lost, a filling will not provide sufficient stability. A crown is the better option.

With deep decay close to the pulp, root canal treatment may be needed before restoring the tooth.