Enamel erosion (Zahnerosion, Erosio dentium) is different from caries. Caries is caused by bacteria. Erosion is caused by acids that dissolve the mineral structure of enamel directly, without bacterial involvement.

The process is painless in early stages. You do not feel the enamel thinning. By the time sensitivity or visible changes appear, the enamel is already irreversibly lost.

Sources of acid

External (exogenous)

1

Acidic drinks

Orange juice (pH 3.5), cola (pH 2.5), energy drinks (pH 3.0), wine (pH 3.3). Frequency matters more than quantity: each sip triggers a 20-30 minute acid attack.

2

Acidic foods

Citrus fruits, vinegar dressings, pickles. In moderation no problem, but the daily "lemon water" trend genuinely harms enamel.

Internal (endogenous)

3

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD)

Stomach acid (pH 1-2) reaching the mouth is the strongest erosion factor. Patients with GERD need coordinated treatment from a gastroenterologist and dentist.

How to protect your enamel

Practical rules

💧 After acidic food or drink, rinse with water. Do not brush for at least 30 minutes, softened enamel is easily worn away by the brush

🥤 Drink acidic beverages through a straw to minimise tooth contact

🧀 End meals with cheese or milk: calcium neutralises acid

🪥 Use fluoride toothpaste (1450 ppm) and a soft brush

Your dentist can apply a fluoride varnish (Fluoridlack) to strengthen weakened enamel. With significant tissue loss, veneers or crowns may be needed.